Myelin is a material composed of protein and fat that surrounds and protects nerve fibres and facilitates the conduction of electrical impulses. In multiple sclerosis, the myelin becomes inflamed and detaches. It is then destroyed and forms a scar (sclerosis means scar). The ability of the nerves to conduct electrical impulses from and to the brain is interrupted and this causes the symptoms of the disease.
The manifestations can be diverse:
- Weakness, fatigue and trembling.
- Loss of control of arms and legs.
- Impairment of the ability to feel sensations or pain.
- Urinary and visual disorders.