Diphtheria is most common between the first and third year of life. Localization in the larynx is very serious, because the membranes formed there may provoke the child choking. It is transmitted by direct contact with a sick person or a carrier of the bacteria.
Thanks to the vaccine against diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus (DPT), diphtheria is a rare disease, but the protection does not last forever. Adults need to have a booster dose every 10 years.
The vaccine has to be maintained, as stopping it would endanger the population of infants who are susceptible and transmit the disease; this can still be a dangerous disease.